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Optics of Ionization Cooling Channels Under the Influence of Space Charge
Abstract
Lepton colliders have a significant advantage over their hadron counterparts in that hadron collisions are inefficient and complicated by secondary quark interactions. A muon collider could be used for high energy studies of lepton collisions without the limitations on energy due to synchrotron radiation. The muon beam is produced by sending protons through a target, producing pions which in turn decay into muons with a large momentum spread. For a muon collider, the six-dimensional (6D) phase space volume of the muon beam must be reduced to accelerate it further for injection into a storage ring. Ionization cooling is currently the only feasible method for cooling the beam within a muon lifetime of 2.2 μs. One key technical challenge for a muon collider is the demonstration of the process of ionization cooling. In order for a full 6D ionization cooling experiment to be constructed, a baseline lattice design has to be studied and selected based on detailed simulations...There are several challenges to resolve in order to demonstrate the feasibility of an ionization cooling channel. As the size of the beam is reduced, Coulomb repulsion in the beam restricts emittance reduction. Accurate calculation of this space charge effect is necessary...
To investigate the effect of space charge, a method has been implemented in COSY INFINITY to achieve efficient and accurate calculation of the interparticle Coulomb forces based on variants of the Fast Multipole Method (FMM)... The FMM algorithm is especially suited for beam dynamics simulations because of the efficiency and low computational error compared to other space charge algorithms.
[This is an extract from the beginning pages of the paper.]
B. Loseth, M. Berz, H. Zhang, P. Snopok, J. Kunz, Microscopy and Microanalysis 21 Suppl. 4 (2015) 20
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